In what situation is an intraosseous (IO) access indicated?

Intraosseous (IO) access is indicated in situations where intravenous access cannot be achieved quickly, especially when immediate fluid resuscitation and medication administration are critical, such as during a medical emergency. This method allows for rapid access to the vascular system in cases where traditional peripheral IV lines may fail due to difficult venous access, which can occur in scenarios like severe trauma, shock, or in pediatric patients where veins can be small or collapsed.

Utilizing IO access ensures that life-saving treatments can be administered without delay, which is vital in acute settings like cardiac arrest or severe dehydration with shock. It provides a reliable route for medication and fluids when time is of the essence, effectively bypassing the slower and often more challenging peripheral IV placement route.