What is the priority action for a patient with a respiratory rate of 36 and an oxygen saturation of 80%?

In the scenario presented, the patient exhibits a respiratory rate of 36 breaths per minute alongside an oxygen saturation of 80%. These findings indicate severe respiratory distress and significant hypoxemia (low oxygen levels in the blood).

Providing supplemental oxygen is the priority action because it directly addresses the patient's critical hypoxemia. The goal is to rapidly improve oxygen levels and stabilize the patient to prevent further deterioration. Supplemental oxygen can help increase the available oxygen for the patient, potentially improving their saturation levels and respiratory status.

While other interventions like coaching the patient to slow their breathing or adjusting ventilation rates with a bag-valve mask are important considerations in managing respiratory distress, they do not address the immediate need for oxygenation as effectively as providing supplemental oxygen. In cases of severe hypoxemia, ensuring adequate oxygen supply is paramount to prevent life-threatening complications such as hypoxia-related organ failure. Thus, the best choice is to provide supplemental oxygen right away.